The role of the pharmacist has evolved from one of simply filling prescriptions to that of an active member of the primary health care team. Not only are pharmacists often the first health professional consulted by patients, they are also likely to be the final health care team member with whom the patient consults before taking a prescription drug. Since the pharmacist interacts with patients at such crucial times, they play a vital role in patient education and must be able to communicate effectively with individuals from all social and economic backgrounds.

Areas of Specialization

Pharmacists can specialize in critical care, nuclear pharmacy, nutrition support, primary care therapeutic management and community pharmacy practice.

Work Environment

Opportunities for pharmacist to work in a variety of settings have greatly expanded in the last several years. Pharmacist can work in retail settings, such as private or chain drug stores. They can also work in hospital-based settings where they can be more involved in direct patient care. Pharmacist also may engage in research related to phamaceuticals, either in academic or private research organizations.

Length of Training

The six-year program consists of two years pre-pharmacy and prerequisite courses, three years of professional pharmacy courses and one year of elected and required practical experience. The only degree available in pharmacy is the doctorate. Post graduate residency programs are available for those who qualify.

Licensure/Certification

Successful graduates of schools of pharmacy in Texas are eligible to apply to the Texas State Board of Pharmacy to take the state licensure examinations immediately after graduation. No postgraduate residency experience is currently required, but is often desirable, particularly for critical care positions.

Education Programs

C=Certificate, A=Associate's, B=Bachelor's, M=Master's, D=Doctorate

Professional Associations

American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy
www.aacp.org

American Society of Healthcare-System Pharmacists
www.ashp.org

National Association of Chain Drug Stores
www.nacds.org

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